Dr. Gustav Zander -Jonas Gustav Wilhelm Zander (1835–1920) was a Swedish physician who invented a therapeutic method of exercise carried out by means of special apparatus such as that seen here. Zander began his work in the 1860s and established the Zander Institute in London, where he published Mechanical Exercise: A Means of Cure (1883) before coming to New York. His hope was that his equipment, which employed gradual muscle resistance, would supplement normal gymnasiums that excluded women, older people, and "weakly" people of either sex.
